# Program History and Significant Milestones ## expand\_more ## **Twenty Years of Preservation:** ## **Digital Preservation Milestones, 2000–2020** ## **1998** (PREPARATORY WORK) ### **APRIL** Five-year project to build a first-generation production infrastructure for digital library collections, including support for digital preservation activities [http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november00/flecker/11flecker.html&nbsp](http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november00/flecker/11flecker.html ); ## **1999** ![DRS Functional Requirements document](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-functional-requirements.jpg?itok=fvwHJV9w) ### **MARCH** Functional Requirements for the LDI Repository, Phase 1 [https://web.archive.org/web/19980514193504/http://hul.‌harvard.edu/ldi/](https://web.archive.org/web/19980514193504/http://hul.%E2%80%8Charvard.edu/ldi/) ## **2000** (IN PRODUCTION) ### **OCTOBER** First object preserved in DRS ![First object in DRS](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-object.jpg?itok=m6FUNHBO) Harvard-Yenching Library, Hedda Morrison collection, *Buddhist Nun Kneeling at Altar*, ca. 1933-1946, HM01.6811 ## **2001** ### **JANUARY** ![Screenshot of DRS Storage refresh](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-storage-refresh-2001.jpg?itok=XkhLqYyr) DRS storage refresh Migration of archival storage from in-database to attached storage area network (SAN) ### **FEBURARY** First page-turned (PDS) object preserved in DRS ![Image of first page-turned object](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-pds-427018265.jpg?itok=IYoTEJtz) University Archives, Official Register of Harvard University XXVIII:4, February 24, 1931 ### **MAY** ![Image of DRS Policy Guide, version 1](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-policy-guide_v1.jpg?itok=SATND6Ch) DRS Policy Guide, version 1 Guidelines associated with operation and use of the DRS, highlighting digital materials accepted for deposit, services, and the rights and responsibilities of content curators and collection managers ### **DECEMBER** E-journal article interchange XML DTD ![Image of E-journal article](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-xml-e-journal-archiving.jpg?itok=2lTT3EwB) Precursor of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) *Journal Archiving* *and Interchange Tag Suite* (JAITS) and NISO *Journal Article Tag Suite* (JATS) ## **2002** ### **MARCH** ![Image of Daguerreotype portrait](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-15000th-object-423884360.jpg?itok=oLCisT2x) 15,000th object preserved in DRS Schlesinger Library, Daguerreotype portrait of unidentified woman, ca. 1840-1860, 91-M62-1-1z ### **JULY** ![Image of first Open Collections Project in the DRS](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-ocp-2588068.jpg?itok=QTHTM4bg) First Open Collections Project (OCP) preserved in DRS Baker Library, Women Working: 1800-1930 collection, Edith Abbott's Women In Industry: A Study in American Economic History, 1910 ### **OCTOBER** First geospatially-referenced image preserved in DRS Map Collection, Ch'ing-hai upper Yellow River (Huang He) expedition, 1925-1927, sheet 3 (102°24'22" N, 34°42'26" E; 103°46'36" N, 36°11'21" E), in the Harvard Geospatial Library (HCL) ## **2003** ### **MAY** First biomedical image preserved in DRS Countway Library, Biomedical Image Library (BIL) ## **2004** ### **MAY** ![Image of OCR text of W. Jett Lauck's Diversified Industries](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-1-millionth-file-1167071.jpg?itok=WnTCA68m) 1 millionth file preserved in DRS Harvard College Library, Open Collections Program, OCR text of W. Jett Lauck's Diversified Industries, 1911, p. 373 ### **AUGUST** First audio recording preserved in DRS ![Screenshot of Audio Player](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-audio-460386981.jpg?itok=uEJFBI_p) Loeb Music Library, Archive of World Music, Matins for Sunday After the Elevation of the Holy Cross, 1960 ## **2005** ### **MAY** Initial release of **JHOVE** Free open source file format identification, validation, and characterization tool, consistently the most frequently downloaded in the digital preservation community ![Image of Documentation for PDF-A](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/iso-19005.jpg?itok=j-i_66ku) ### **OCTOBER** PDF/A standard (ISO 19005-1) Archival profile of the upquitous PDF format developed under Harvard leadership of the ISO process ## **2006** ### **AUGUST** ![Image of DRS Policy Guide version 2](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-policy-guide_v2.jpg?itok=CBCZysW9) DRS Policy Guide, version 2.0 Policies associated with the Harvard Library Digital Repository Service (DRS) intended for Harvard collection managers who are using or considering making use of DRS services ## **2007** ### **APRIL** ![Photograph of Yossi Zwecker in ](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-1-millionth-object-409190817.jpg?itok=c5x2RBF7) 1 millionth object preserved in DRS Judaica Collection, Photograph of Yossi Zwecker in "Peter-Pan", JPCDPIZ2565 ### **MAY** ![Specifications for Google Book Scanning project](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hl-google-jpeg-2000.jpg?itok=_Yqe3TH3) Specifications for digitized images and transfer packaging for Google Book Scanning (GBS) project Technical specifications for TIFF and JPEG 2000 images and METS transfer package, used as the basis for subsequent GBS partner and HathiTrust mass digitization efforts ## **2008** ### **FEBRUARY** DRS storage refresh New reliance on SAM/QFS for automated file transfer to mirrored SAN arrays and robotic tape library ### **MAY** First website preserved in DRS ![Front page of the Harvard Physics Department Website, 2007](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-website-433011176.jpg?itok=0YoAZKlG) University Archives, *A-Sites* collection, *Welcome to the Harvard Physics Department Website!* February 26, 2007 ‌[www.physics.harvard.edu/](http://www.physics.harvard.edu/) ### **JUNE** ![Volume 5 of the The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 1984](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-ggl-428550386.jpg?itok=6Ma4uLwh) First Google-scanned book preserved in DRS Volume V of The Journal of Hellenic Studies, 1884 ### **SEPTEMBER** 50 TB preserved in DRS 1.9 million objects, 8.7 million files ### **NOVEMBER** ![Page-turned image of vocal score of Wagner's Rienzi, page 231](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-10-millionth-file-11287680.jpg?itok=jwrrwwFu) 10 millionth file preserved in DRS Loeb Music Library, Page-turned image of vocal score of Wagner's Rienzi, p. 231 ## **2009** ### **JUNE** 100 TB preserved in DRS 3.4 million objects, 12.2 million files ## **2010** ### **JULY** ![Front page of NDSA website, 2010](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/ndsa-website.jpg?itok=IXy_kmvM) Founding membership in National Digital Stewardship Alliance (NDSA) Advancing the capacity to preserve our nation's digital resources for the benefit of present and future generations ## **2011** ### **SPRING** Membership in HathiTrust Not-for-profit collaborative of academic and research libraries preserving 17+ million digitized items ## **2012** ![Image of specifications for DRS Storage Refresh, 2012](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-storage-refresh-2012.jpg?itok=KBhfh3wt) ### **SPRING** DRS storage refresh Hardware replacement and addition of anticipated necessary capacity ## **2013** ### **JUNE** ![Image of the NDSR website, 2013](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hl-ndsr-website.jpg?itok=_gII2zFt) Co-hosted with MIT the National Digital Stewardship Residency (NDSR) Boston program Two 9-month residencies for 10 residents at Boston area stewardship organizations [https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/ndsr\_boston/home](https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/ndsr_boston/home) ## **2014** ### **APRIL** ![Image of Daniel Mahefasoa Brady, Mechanisms of Cross-Modal Refinement by Visual Experience, doctoral dissertation, 2012](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-etd-400086904.jpg?itok=J-EOo5DV) First electronic thesis/dissertation (ETD) preserved in DRS Daniel Mahefasoa Brady, Mechanisms of Cross-Modal Refinement by Visual Experience, doctoral dissertation, 2012 ### **DECEMBER** First email preserved in DRS University Archives, Papers of Lawrence Bogorad collection, February 7, 2002 ## **2015** ### **MAY** 50 millionth file preserved in DRS ![Image of page-turned image, Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences, July-December, 1889, p. 21](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-50-millionth-file-402203110.jpg?itok=sXMiSyf9) Museum of Comparative Zoology, Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) collection, Master page-turned image, Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences, July-December, 1889, p. 21 ## **2016** ### **JANUARY** DRS Policy Guide, version 2.6 ![Image of DRS Policy Guide, version 2.6](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-policy-guide_v2.6.jpg?itok=7LrufNd_) Policies associated with the Harvard Library Digital Repository Service (DRS) intended for Harvard collection managers who are using or considering making use of DRS services ### **JANUARY** Web archiving environmental scan ![Cover of the Web Archiving Environmental Scan report, 2016](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hl-web-archiving-environmental-scan.jpg?itok=H5ZJztqy) Description and analysis of 23 international web archiving programs reporting on researcher use of – and impediments to working with – web archives ### **MARCH** ![Front page of the International Internet Preservation Consortium website](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/iipc-website.jpg?itok=kGmJKBA7) Membership in the International Internet Preservation Consortium (IIPC) Acquire, preserve and make accessible knowledge and information from the Internet for future generations everywhere, promoting global exchange and international relations ### **JUNE** ![File Identification Tool Set (FITS) web page](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hl-fits.jpg?itok=MAOy-_0A) Initial release of open-source File Identification Tool Set (FITS) Free open source tool for identifying and validating file formats, extracting metadata embedded within files, and outputting the metadata in various formats ## **2017** ### **FEBRUARY** ![Still of Changing the Definition of AIDS, from the ACT UP Oral History Project collection](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-video-427835895.jpg?itok=2lRt72xg) First video recording preserved in DRS Americas, Europe, and Oceania Division, ACT UP Oral History Project collection, Changing the Definition of AIDS ### **SPRING** Migration of obsolete audio formats Migration of some 7,000 RealAudio recordings to MP3 and SMIL playlists to AES-60 ### **SPRING** ![Image from the 2017 DRS Storage Refresh plan](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-storage-refresh-2017.jpg?itok=M87ZxRiB) DRS storage refresh Integration with the Massachusetts Green High-Performance Computing Center (MGHPPC) storage facility ### **OCTOBER** ![Image of the Harvard University Digital Strategy, version 1.0](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hl-digital-strategy.jpg?itok=h8A9NhlF) Harvard University Digital Strategy, version 1.0 Infrastructure for the preservation of and access to digitized and born-digital information, taking a tiered approach to supporting short-, medium-, and long-term needs ## **2018** ### **JANUARY** ![Still from the video of Bernice Sandler appearance on Larry King television show, 1985, from the Schlesinger Library](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-largest-file-437212840.jpg?itok=h-aBjoYJ) Largest file preserved in DRS (so far!) Schlesinger Library, Bernice Sandler appearance on Larry King television show, 1985, video, 568 GB ### **MARCH** ![Image from the Web Archiving Service (WAX) website](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hl-wax.jpg?itok=bW7AffPb) Web Archiving Collection Service (WAX) decommissioned; all content transitioned to Archive-It WAX decommissioned due to the increasing unsustainable burden of maintenance and enhancement in favor of the Internet Archive’s Archive-It service ### **MAY** 400 TB preserved in DRS 9.5 million objects, 81.3 million files ### **SEPTEMBER** ![Front page of the iPRES 2018 website](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/ipres-2018-website.jpg?itok=TCnSY2Lw) Hosted iPRES 2018, the 15th International Conference on Digital Preservation Where Art and Science Meet: The Art in Science and the Science in Art, celebrating the first 15 years of iPRES, the premier international conference on digital preservation ### **OCTOBER** ![Website of the Harvard Library Digital Preservation program](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hldps-website.jpg?itok=s22ujoqI) Harvard Library Digital Preservation program Formally established as independent administrative unit within Preservation Services ### **NOVEMBER** Inaugural Digital Preservation Reading Club ![Website of the Digital Preservation Reading Club](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hldps-reading-club.jpg?itok=YtVoHnZb) Informal, monthly gathering of Library colleagues interested in discussing trends and topics relevant to digital preservation ## **2019** ### **JULY** ![Image of the DRS Policy Guide, version 4](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-policy-guide_v4.jpg?itok=oH9rsWgB) DRS Policy Guide, version 4.0 Controlling principles and obligations underlying the long -term preservation of digital resources by the Harvard Library’s Digital Repository Service (DRS) ### **AUGUST** ![Page-turned image of John Shaw's Observations on the Causes and Early Symptoms of Defects in the Form of the Spine, Chest, and Shoulders, and the Means of Correcting them ..., 1827, p. 88](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-100-millionth-file-475857973.jpg?itok=qrvRLerk) 100 millionth file preserved in DRS Countway Library, Page-turned image of John Shaw's Observations on the Causes and Early Symptoms of Defects in the Form of the Spine, Chest, and Shoulders, and the Means of Correcting them ..., 1827, p. 88 ### **SEPTEMBER** 10 millionth object preserved in DRS ![JPEG 2000 image of map of Orange and Vaison la Romaine, from Jean Boule’s Orange, Vaison-la-Romaine, Carpentras: le Mont Ventoux: guide historique et touristique, 1980, page 6](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-10-millionth-object-477391233.jpg?itok=wjWKaVW5) Fine Arts Library, JPEG 2000 image of map of Orange and Vaison la Romaine, from Jean Boule’s Orange, Vaison-la-Romaine, Carpentras: le Mont Ventoux: guide historique et touristique, 1980, p. 6 ### SEPTEMBER Hosted New England regional Archive-It Meetup ![Photograph of the 2019 New England regional Archive-It Meetup](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__720x720_scale/public/library-preservation/files/ait-2019-meetup.jpg?itok=oYCmXj0H) Forty participants, 22 outside of Harvard, representing 16 institutions across the greater New England region, sharing web archiving goals, projects, ideas, and questions [https://communications.library.harvard.edu/blog/preservation-services-h…](https://communications.library.harvard.edu/blog/preservation-services-hosts-regional-web-archiving-meetup) ### **OCTOBER** Membership in the Open Preservation Foundation (OPF) ![Front page of the Open Preservation Foundation website](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/opf-website.jpg?itok=m0-90CYm) Global non-profit membership organization working to advance shared standards and solutions for the long-term preservation of digital content ## **2020** ### **JULY** First outsourced preservation storage ![Image from the large-scale Judaica Library video collection hosted at the University of Southern California](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/drs-first-usc-video.jpg?itok=vxBc8UR3) Large-scale Judaica Library video collection hosted at the USC Digital Repository for low-cost, high-density archival storage ### **OCTOBER** ![Front page of the Preservation Services website](/sites/g/files/omnuum11066/files/styles/hwp_1_1__360x360_scale/public/library-preservation/files/hlps-20-years.jpg?itok=YmcqU3Qq) Twenty years of digital preservation at Harvard! 55 contributing Library programs, 318 thematic collections, 19 content genres, 90 format types, 10.2 million objects, 106 million files, 479 TB